Solar Powered Shed

Ham4CW

Administrator
Late last year I finally got around to assembling a small workshop (man-cave!), constructed a bench and some shelving from discarded cupboards, and then sat down and wondered how I could power everything.

Although the 'shop' is not too far from the house, trying to run a power cable to it could be a real pain as there is no easy path for the cable to be run along. With lots on concrete, and various well established garden areas (that my XYL warned me not to touch on pain of death!), I had to think of some other solution.

I've tinkered with solar power before, but only for small items (such as a weather station transmitter), so I needed to do a bit of research to find a reasonably cheap solution.

In the end I opted for a 100W solar panel, an MPPT controller, and a heavy duty battery. Lighting is in the form of two 5W LED lamps (equivalent to 110W from filament bulbs), and high voltage is supplied by using an inverter.

The inverter I currently have is rated at 300W continuous output with 600W peak surge, but the idea is to obtain a much higher wattage unit later, possibly 1.5KW-2KW.

At first sight a 100W solar panel (and don't forget the 100W is only available in full on sunlight with the panel correctly angled to the sun) may not seem enough to supply the energy required, but my thoughts were that the panel would be constantly topping up the battery whenever there was daylight, so some occasional high current drain from the battery would be compensated for by the very long periods of trickle charging.

The MPPT charge controller does an excellent job of extracting every last ounce of energy from the panel used, and directing it to the battery for later use.

I've added a few photos below of the MPPT controller, and remote keypad display. Apart from the display there is also a data logger fitted, this enables storage of multiple readings from the controller (one reading every 10 minutes for up to four months). Due to the RS485 communication system it is possible to go online to the unit using a laptop and some free software from the manufacturers website.

So far the system has been faultless, with lighting whenever needed, and some experimental tests of the inverter using assorted soldering irons and other devices to load the output.

The whole lot is self contained and self controlling, a kind of fit and forget system.

73, Mark...
 

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Tried another test after posting the above. Had the inverter running a pillar drill (around 270W motor), and can report that all went well, with the inverter running faultlessly! :)

Still thinking of obtaining a 'beefier' inverter though, so as to be able to run any power tool without having to run extension cables from the house.

73, Mark...
 
Interesting. Think that is a 110Ah battery?

Have vaguely thought of a 'garden office' outbuilding. I guess solar plus battery is good for lighting (and maybe a radio and pc, similar to the electronics fit on yachts) but here in Scotland some kind of heating is handy so I might go for the mains powered route.

There is something attractive about being 'off-grid' though!
 
Yup, quite correct, 110Ah capacity (950 Amps cold cranking rated). I could add more in parallel but they aren't too cheap. Because it gets only occasional use the battery status is generally 100% charged every time I look at the display. After running the pillar drill it dropped to around 64% I think it was. By the next evening it was showing 100% again.

Never thought about heating the shed. This is its first year, so I have yet to use it in cold weather. I doubt it would take much to keep it warm as the walls are double skinned (a bit like giant plastic corrugated cardboard), so they hold the heat in/out well. It would be quite tricky as it stands to route a cable to it from the house as there is too much concrete around, and I don't really fancy having mains carrying cable above the ground (or unprotected).

These days it's possible to get low noise petrol generators for around £150-£200 or so, and I was wondering if maybe something like that would be more convenient to use/install. Just a thought...

My 'PC' is just a small laptop when I need the internet in there. It will run for up to 8hrs or so on internal batteries, so more than enough for what I've needed so far.

73, Mark...
 
The system has been running for about four years now and is still going strong. I can't believe just how long it's been. Time really does fly!

Since my last post on this subject I have made a few mods to the system. I have now added a 1KW inverter with a 275A isolator switch in line just in case anything goes wrong! :)

I found that the solar panel was not producing as much energy as when first installed, and after some checking it turned out that the panel needed to be cleaned thoroughly. I noticed about a 35% increase in the available current after I had cleaned the panel.

Something which has proved to be a problem is running an electric fan heater (via the inverter), for any length of time. In theory, the fully charged battery should manage about 1.5hrs before becoming critically low on energy. What I find in practice is that I can get maybe one hour of heat before the battery starts to look poor, and the other day I even managed to take it down to a critical level (less than 10.5v), so the solar charge controller decided to turn off the shed lights in order to protect the battery!

Once this happens the controller will not let the lights turn on again until the voltage has returned to around 12.6v or so. I'm also finding that because we are now entering the winter months with shorter days it is taking a lot longer to regain the full charge in the battery. Even after a week it was still not fully charged.

I did briefly look in to maybe adding a wind generator to the system, but there seems to be so little wind here most days it was not worth the expense adding a turbine. It seems much more beneficial to add more solar panels since at least we know there will be daylight each day!

73, Mark...
 
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